Effects of General and Epidural Anesthesia on Selected Physiological and Anesthetic Parameters, Postoperative Maternal Complications and Neonatal Apgar Scores
1 Department of physiology and pharmacology and biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, AL-Qasim green University, 51001 Iraq.
2 Department of physiology, chemical, and pharmacy Veterinary Medicine Collage, University of Qadisiyah.
Research Article
Open Access Research Journal of Biology and Pharmacy, 2025, 15(02), 012-018.
Article DOI: 10.53022/oarjbp.2025.15.2.0048
Publication history:
Received on 13 October 2025; revised on 23 November 2025; accepted on 26 November 2025
Abstract:
Background: The post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and distressing complication after Cesarean section (CS) significantly detracting from maternal comfort, low recovery, and negatively influencing comprehensive patient recovery. Crucially, the selection of an anesthetic technique (general versus spinal) is empirically known to significantly influence both the incidence and severity of PONV, dissecting these differential influence of these to optimize clinical protocols, thereby improve patient care and minimizing adverse post-surgical outcomes.
Objective: This study seeks to investigation the comparative compare PONV both incidence and influencing factors of in SC patients according to the anesthetic approach (General vs. Spinal). The findings are empirical to inform the design of effective management protocols, ultimately aiming to improve maternal postoperative satisfaction and clinical recovery.
Methods: This investigation employed a comparative finding study design focusing on parturient undergoing CS under either GA or SA. The recorded data collection involve detailed of patient demographics, techniques in specific anesthetic, all intraoperative pharmacological interventions, and the primary endpoint of PONV incidence within the first one day. Statistical analysis was done to quantify the relationship between the anesthetic type and the subsequent syptoms of PONV.
Results: Initial clinical finding confirmed an increase frequency of PONV in among patients under GA relative to those under SA. Factors contributed to boost PONV prevalence involve opioid administration, instability of intraoperative hemodynamic and individual patient susceptibility. Pre-operative antiemetic interventions and fluid optimization protocols showed inconsistent efficacy in signs of mitigation.
Conclusion: The findings significantly modulates PONV incidence in CS patients, with SA appear a lower associated risk. While a protective effect is proven for SA, superior patient care necessitates the implementation of individualized, risk-stratified anesthetic plans utilizing robust multimodal antiemetic protocols. Continued research is necessary to optimize current prevention and treatment guidelines
Keywords:
Postoperative; Cesarean section; anesthesia; Antiemetic; Apgar Scoring; Heart rate
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